Astrophysics and Cosmology theories
Was Einstein so smart he outsmarted himself?
Yes. Actually. In one of his equations, he put in a term and later said he wished he hadn't because the equation he created showed that the Universe had to be either expanding or collapsing. He called this his greatest blunder. No one had any idea that the Universe which is literally everything, would be moving or expanding, so he just figured that the equation HE CREATED couldn't possibly be right. The term he used was:G μ ν + Λ g μ ν = 8 π G c 4 T μ ν. (Guv is Einstein tensor -which discusses the curvature of space time, A is cosmological constant, Guv is metric tensor, G is gravitational constant, c is speed of light, and Tuv is the sstress-energy tensro, that shows the distribution of matter/energy. This is the field equation for the theory of general relativity. This proves that the universe is expanding. Anyway, he regretted doing that, so he put in a "legitimate" term that helped stabilize the universe (or the equation) from collapse.
It's a pressure force to push outward and that'll stabilize the universe. The equation was the cosmological constant. Putting in the cosmological constant actually was his biggest blunder because in 1998 we discovered a pressure in the universe pressing against gravity which the Hubble discovered. That is exactly the term that he put in. So he literally outsmarted and then second guessed himself. And a biggest reason was this was 2 years before he became "famous" so he was dealing with a lot of flack for his ideas. Either way, he was a certified genius who was dyslexic and didn't even finish school! Wow!
Yes. Actually. In one of his equations, he put in a term and later said he wished he hadn't because the equation he created showed that the Universe had to be either expanding or collapsing. He called this his greatest blunder. No one had any idea that the Universe which is literally everything, would be moving or expanding, so he just figured that the equation HE CREATED couldn't possibly be right. The term he used was:
It's a pressure force to push outward and that'll stabilize the universe. The equation was the cosmological constant. Putting in the cosmological constant actually was his biggest blunder because in 1998 we discovered a pressure in the universe pressing against gravity which the Hubble discovered. That is exactly the term that he put in. So he literally outsmarted and then second guessed himself. And a biggest reason was this was 2 years before he became "famous" so he was dealing with a lot of flack for his ideas. Either way, he was a certified genius who was dyslexic and didn't even finish school! Wow!
The Secretary Problem:
There is a mathematically correct way to choose a secretary or job applicant. The correct way to know when to stop looking. We're using a secretary because it's literally "the secretary problem" but use this in any job situation (this is the math equation for it btw).
You have 100 people waiting on the job. You interview them, but once they leave, you can't call them back. So if you find a great person with 98 left to go, you'll think you're gonna find another one to top that person. Well, you continue on, see a lot of great options, but pass them up. Eventually you get to the last one and he's not that good. But you have to choose him, that's your only option. Well, no. Here's the way to do this the mathematically correct way.
This is called optimal stop theory.
You go through the first 37 people (that's 37% of 100) and you see who the benchmark best person is. That's the single best person for the job. And then you go through the next 37 people and find someone who is better than your benchmark person and hire them. That's the best way of doing this. The equation for that by the way is:V ( x ) = max 0 ≤ τ ≤ T E [ M ( X τ ) + ∫ 0 τ L ( X t ) d t + sup 0 ≤ t ≤ τ K ( X t ). V(x) is value function, M(Xt) is reward function evaluated at the stopping time (t), L(Xt) is running cost, K(Xt) is supremum of function over the interval [0,t], and t is stopping time.
You go through the first 37 people (that's 37% of 100) and you see who the benchmark best person is. That's the single best person for the job. And then you go through the next 37 people and find someone who is better than your benchmark person and hire them. That's the best way of doing this. The equation for that by the way is:
Einstein predicted this YEARS before we could even prove it. There's something he did called a double pulsar, which is two stars the mass of the Sun compressed into the size of something around the size of LA. They're rotating around each other once every two days. One is spinning 40 times a second and the other is going around once every 2 seconds. Einstein predicts they eventually fall into each other at a rate of 7 mm a day. In 1916, that theory was made. We recently found out we could do the measurements and these two stars literally drifted in at 7mm a day and in perfect accord with each other. So 60 years after his death, you find something he predicted to be true. How did he predict this? Of course it came with a mathematical equation. Einstein used equations describing gravitational wave emissions and the timing of pulsar signals. The orbital decay is:
E is orbital energy, t is time, G is gravitational Constant, c is speed of light, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two pulsars, and a is the semi/major axis of that orbit. This predicts (well now proves) how the orbit shrinks over time as energy is moved or carried away by the gravitational waves.
Thanks for reading! More to come soon!
~Charity - Soaring Hummingbird
Wow- sharing with the Uncle!
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